In December 2023, Quantify’s Stuti Arya, Nicholas Norton and Puneet Kaushik published a study assessing recent changes to adult national immunization programs for pneumococcal vaccination and attempting to determine how those changes impacted coverage in European Adults. The review revealed evidence of a convergence towards immunization programs involving sequential vaccination with a higher-valency conjugate vaccine (PCV) followed by the polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23), with a common aim of reducing economic burden. Where data was available, better coverage rates were seen in most cates where countries had expanded their programs to cover at-risk populations.

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